Facebook Why Add as a Friend and Different Personalities of Strangers on Facebook

Table of Contents Effects of different personalities Interpersonal communication Impression management FIRO theory Conclusion/So What Works Cited Effects of different personalities From the results of the survey conducted to determine why several people who are strangers to Joy choose to add her as a friend, various things stands out that motivate different people of differing personalities when it comes to choosing the people they want to link with or communicate directly with in social networks such as facebook. Physical appearance contributes a lot concerning the issue of responding to friend requests on facebook.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Facebook: Why Add as a Friend and Different Personalities of Strangers on Facebook specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The biggest number of strangers chooses to add Joy or accept her friend request based on her physical appearance. The evidence that they got of her appearance follows from her profile picture and the pictures that she has in her albums. The survey therefore provides the evidence that facebook users seem motivated by the physical appearance of a particular user in making their decisions on whether to accept the person as a friend or not. Interpersonal communication This theory tries to elaborate the reason as to why people use different kinds of communication in the effort to construct social reality. This is usually true to people who share a common history or wants to know each other better. One of the responses given by most respondents to Joy’s question as to why the different strangers chose to accept her as a friend despite the fact that they did not know anything about her apart from the facebook profile and picture was â€Å"you are way too pretty to be rejected as a friend†. The statement confirms that most facebook users add strangers of the opposite sex as friends for the simple reasons of wantin g to associate with people they think are pretty. According to the interpersonal communication theory, such people use the various means of communication to create a society with the people they add as friends. It is only when they have a direct connection with the people they fancy that they can fulfill such needs. People who fall under this category should however understand the possibility of some users creating fake profiles, attaching pictures of other people thereby tempting other to view them as theirs. People with malicious intentions have been on the record using this strategy to trap unsuspicious victims. These include sexual predators, kidnappers and serial killers who have used the strategy to lure their prey into having private dates or meetings with them and consequently harming them (Hadnagy 58). As evidenced by the kind of direction that the conversations between Joy and her stranger friends took, most of the Facebook users who add a stranger as a friend have the ult imate intention of wanting to have face-to-face contact with them and possibly establishing a relationship. Loneliness further explains why people added Joy as a friend despite her strange personality. As revealed in the survey by Joy, there are those respondents who did it based on their lonely state thus choosing to confirm her friend request to get someone to talk to making it worth noting from the study that all of those respondents were male.Advertising Looking for research paper on communication strategies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This gives the impression that social network users with specific concern to facebook find friends with whom they can share their problems and as a result improve their dull lives. When a lonely person receives a notification that a cute looking girl wants him/her as friends on facebook, this definitely brightens their day even when they have no clue concerning the personality as well a s the motive behind the person. Therefore, this emphasizes on the number of facebook users who use the social network as a means of seeking company especially in times of their loneliness. To an extent, others under this category seek a lifetime companionship or relationships through sending and accepting strangers as friends on facebook. To them, facebook functions just the same manner that other dating networks function. To these users, the decision to add a member of the opposite sex can lead to the person even becoming their soul mate or close companion. As elaborated in the study, when Joy tried conversing with these strangers, the conversation included the strangers initially trying to impress her by commenting in seemingly impressive manner to her status updates then finally asking her out or wanting to develop a more intimate relationship with her. Considering that the interaction does not take long before they bring the subject up, it is evident that this can also be taken advantage of by people with bad intentions to capitalize on the loneliness of some users and end up harming them at long last. Impression management In impression management, people try to influence the perceptions of others by regulating the amount of information they share in social networks. A number of respondents in the survey revealed that they wanted to interact more with Joy and get to know her better hence adding or rather accepting her as a friend. The number of such respondents was almost equal in the two sexes with only a variation of one. This indicates those facebook users who add strangers with the hope of interacting more with them and getting the chance to know them better. Through the interactions that they receive later, interpersonal communication as facilitated through facebook, the users interact without necessarily encountering each other face-to-face to the extent that they really know each other and treating one another as good friends rather than strangers. Through this interaction, if a particular user had assumed a false identity, it would definitely come out to the friend, as they have no hurry in making face-to-face interactions. This category of friends would comment in the manner to try impressing Joy as described in impression management.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Facebook: Why Add as a Friend and Different Personalities of Strangers on Facebook specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More They would do this seemingly disinterestedly to provoke her to explain further her situations and further enhancing the chances of knowing each other well. The almost equal number of respondents under this category declared mere appearance as not the only reason behind their sending or accepting the request. Facebook users who portray this characteristic are least exposed to danger since they only get to network with other users who use the social network to get friend s and nothing else. Other facebook users sent friend requests to anyone that they think to share similar interests. For instance, the survey conducted revealed that several male and female respondents confirmed or sent friend requests to Joy on this ground. Users under this category spend time looking for friends whom they believe they have common interests with through perusing through their profiles as they appear on facebook. Many people interpret what a person describes on the profile as a real description of his/her interests. However, one has to note that before he/she accepts another’s friend request or before another accepts his/her friend request, the person has a limited access to the strange person’s profile and therefore cannot claim to have similar interests with a person that he/she knows little or completely nothing about . Afterwards, that one person can claim to share interest with another after they have become friends. This means that when a stranger sends a friend request and claims to have done so because they share similar interests, the receiver should have all the reasons to worry. FIRO theory FIRO theory is based on the main contention that people engage in a group in search of the needs of inclusion, affection and control. This theory tries to explain the reason as to why facebook users choose to add friends to satisfy these needs. People need not to ignore the fact that adventurous people send requests to find strangers whom they share similar traits. For instance, some girls showed similar interests with Joy in that they asked about her hairstyle, make up or skin products. This indicates those who after establishing the relationship or after viewing Joy’s photos saw that they had several things in common. Such category of people seemed to share concerns with Joy when she posted on her wall that something was bothering her. Due to the need for inclusion, and the need for affection as clarified in the FIRO’ s theory, these strangers commented on her status to show the concern they have to a person they share attributes and interests. For instance, as a show of the need for inclusion, many friends would want to have their comments count.Advertising Looking for research paper on communication strategies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This is majorly through the creating of unique and creatively constructed comments that stand out from the rest. With this, the person commenting has the assurance that people will notice the comment. This creates a kind of competition for whoever writes the best comment that will be appreciated by the user. A person feels that the need for inclusion is satisfied when the person ’likes’ their comment. Conclusion/So What Based on how easily it is for one’s character to change, it suffices to declare the issue of accepting or sending friend requests to strangers a bad practice that people need to avoid as much as possible bearing in mind that each stranger has his/her strange personality. People have witnessed cases of kidnapping happening as a result. For instance, young women and men have reached the level of establishing online relationships with people they do not know. Since some seem easy-swayed, reports of their missing occur on a daily basis as they try to meet their strange partners with the whole story ending tragically. Therefore, the concerned people need to consider such consequences that may occur in the future because of accepting strangers as friends. Of importance therefore is to get a prior understanding of the people one wishes to associate with in social networks such as facebook since the networks have suffered a good deal of abuse by people with ill motives. Since it is through the sending and confirming of friend requests that one gets friends in facebook, it is good to define the motive that one has when sending such requests or confirming them especially from strangers considering the dangers that emanate from that particular decision. Portraying patience in one’s interaction with strangers on facebook is a good strategy to ensure that he/she does not fall easy prey. The appearance of a person, proved in this case only by the profile picture or a number of uploaded albums cannot prove the identity of a strange r. The claim follows since facebook, the free social media, bears no regulations or restrictions and a person can even assume a false identity with the aim of luring another less suspicious facebook user into meeting with him/her. Facebook users should therefore consider the need to have a clear intention as to why they choose to add or confirm friends on facebook. The victims of issue should avoid considering the appearance of a stranger to assume that the person can make a good friend. The use of the data given in a person’s personal profile should also not be a reason why one should choose a stranger as a friend in a social network such as facebook. In cases where by one suspects a friend s/he has already added or has already confirmed, there are security measures to employ on face such as ‘unfriending’ the person blocking them. These options give facebook users a chance to manage their accounts by carefully choosing the friends with whom to associate. Works C ited Hadnagy, Christopher. Social Networking: The Art of Human Hacking. New York: Wiley, 2007. This research paper on Facebook: Why Add as a Friend and Different Personalities of Strangers on Facebook was written and submitted by user Kyla I. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Virginia Apgar Biography, Creator of Key Newborn Test

Virginia Apgar Biography, Creator of Key Newborn Test Virginia Agpar  (1909-1974) was a physician, educator, and medical researcher who developed the Apgar Newborn Scoring System, which increased infant survival rates. She famously warned that use of some anesthetics during childbirth negatively affected infants and was a pioneer in anesthesiology, helping to raise the respect for the discipline. As an educator at the March of Dimes, she helped refocus the organization from polio to birth defects. Early Life and Education Virginia Apgar was born in Westfield, New Jersey. Coming from a family of amateur musicians, Apgar played violin and other instruments, and became a skilled musician, performing with the Teaneck Symphony. In 1929, Virginia Apgar graduated from Mount Holyoke College, where she studied zoology and a premed curriculum. During her college years, she supported herself by working as a librarian and waitress. She also played in the orchestra, earned an athletic letter, and wrote for the school paper. In 1933, Virginia Apgar graduated fourth in her class from Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, and became the fifth woman to hold a surgical internship at Columbia Presbyterian Hospital, New York. In 1935, at the end of the internship, she realized that there were few opportunities for a female surgeon. In the middle of the Great Depression, few male surgeons were finding positions and bias against female surgeons was high. Career Apgar transferred to the relatively new medical field of anesthesiology, and spent 1935-37 as a resident in anesthesiology at Columbia University, the University of Wisconsin, and Bellevue Hospital, New York. In 1937, Virginia Apgar became the 50th physician in the US certified in anesthesiology. In 1938, Apgar was appointed Director of the Department of Anesthesiology, Columbia-Presbyterian Medical Center - the first woman to head a department at that institution. From 1949-1959, Virginia Apgar served as professor of anesthesiology at Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons. In that position she was also the first female full professor at that University and the first full professor of anesthesiology at any institution. The Agpar Score System In 1949, Virginia Apgar developed the Apgar Score System (presented in 1952 and published in 1953), a simple five-category observation-based assessment of newborn health in the delivery room, which became widely used in the United States and elsewhere. Before the  use of this system, delivery room attention was largely focused on the mothers condition, not the infants, unless the infant was in obvious distress. The Apgar Score looks at five categories, using Apgars name as a mnemonic: Appearance (skin color)Pulse (heart rate)Grimace (reflex irritability)Activity (muscle tone)Respiration (breathing) While researching the systems effectiveness, Apgar noted that cyclopropane as an anesthetic for the mother had a negative effect on the infant, and as a result, its use in labor was discontinued. In 1959, Apgar left Columbia for Johns Hopkins, where she earned a doctorate in public health, and decided to change her career. From 1959-67, Apgar served as head of division of congenital malformations National Foundation - the March of Dimes organization - , which she helped refocus from polio to birth defects. From 1969-72, she was the director of basic research for the National Foundation, a job that included lecturing for public education. From 1965-71, Apgar served on the board of trustees at  Mount Holyoke College. She also served during those years as a lecturer at Cornell University, the first such medical professor in the United States to specialize in birth defects. Personal Life and Legacy In 1972, Virginia Apgar published Is My Baby All Right?, co-written with Joan Beck, which became a popular parenting book. In 1973, Apgar lectured at Johns Hopkins University, and from 1973-74, she was the senior vice president for medical affairs, National Foundation. In 1974, Virginia Apgar died in New York City. She never married, saying I havent found a man who can cook. Apgars hobbies included music (violin, viola, and cello), making musical instruments, flying (after age 50), fishing, photography, gardening, and golf. Awards and Accolades Four honorary degrees (1964-1967)Ralph Walders Medal, American Society of AnesthesiologistsGold Medal of Columbia UniversityWoman of the Year, 1973, Ladies Home JournalAmerican Academy of Pediatrics prize named after  herMount Holyoke College created an academic chair in her name

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Principles of Health and Social Care Practice - Essay Example Promoting effective communication (the ability to communicate with colleagues and service users) is a vital portion of being a care worker. Acknowledging individuals personal identities and beliefs is very important. In a multicultural and a multi ethnic society, it is important and fair that care workers are aware of cultural differences of people, respect them and assist keep their individual identities. 1.2 The procedures that are adopted in ABC Care Home.It is always the responsibility of the staff to keep the procedures to guard the health and social care users. They have the responsibility to guard clients, the public, patients and colleagues from the peril of harm (Basford & Oliver, 2011, p.101).   They should work precisely so that they can be in a position to guard them from harm. They should see to it that their behavior does not place patients and clients at peril; even they must be concerned about their health aspect as well. They have to guard the consumers of the serv ices from safety and health issue, to guard the disable, people’s right from illness and infection and from abuse (create a harmless environment). The safety and health work dangers at ABC can be in form of a wet or slippery flow, rearrangement of furniture and equipment, hanging electric wires, dirty facilities and sharing of objects that may contribute to infection (Alcock, May, & Rowlingson, 2008, p.72). It is always the responsibility of the staff to keep the procedures to guard the health and social care users.

What do you see as the advantages and disadvantages of being a native Essay

What do you see as the advantages and disadvantages of being a native speaker and a non - native speaker of English - Essay Example Through the global influence of native English speakers in cinema, airlines, broadcasting, science, and the Internet in recent decades, English is now the most widely learned second language in the world. Many students worldwide are required to learn at least some English, and a working knowledge of English is required in many fields and occupations1. According to Ethnologue (2000) English is spoken in 105 countries, it is the dominant or official language in more than 60 of the world’s 185 nation-states recognized by the United Nations. It has 55,000,000 first language speakers in the United Kingdom, 210,000,000 in the USA, 17,100,000 in Canada, 15,682,000 in Australia, 3,500,000 in South Africa, 3,213,000 in New Zealand. Native English usage concerns to the greatest extent the countries mentioned in the order: USA >>> UK > Canada > Australia > South Africa > New Zealand > Ireland > and other 98 countries. Although the available counts are very divergent, all of them agree on a greater number of non-native than native speakers of English in the world. Another factor which adds to the variability of English is hundreds of dialects (Katarzyna Dziubalska-Kołaczyk, 2005). Today, many countries have taken up English as their second language. As a result many young people and adults are involved in the study of English. Indeed this interest has lead to the popularity of this language to such an extent as it is considered to be an international language. Whereas today there are more native than non native speakers of English, in the coming decades the more and more non native speakers will take up English as an international language. In other words more bilingual speakers of English will use this language for several purposes particularly for cross cultural communications within there own borders. The use of English as an international language has been brought about by the continuing spread of English. This spread has resulted in a variety of

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Kenneth Clark, Katharine Hepburm, Harvey Milk, and Fred korematsu, and all tried to create social change in areas of sexual or racial discrimination - Essay Example Although, Tracy Seth (John Holiday) and Margaret (Mary Nash) are divorced; Tracy feels that their family reputation must be protected (Cukor et al, 278). The novel Milk written by Milk Harvey (Sean Penn) covers the difficulties that Milk; a gay activist has to contend. Harvey tries harder to get people to understand and appreciate the sexual preferences of gays in the community (Jinks et al, 212). Kidd presents Dexter with an opportunity to get closer to Tracy. Dexter revealed that Kidd had an innuendo Laden cover up from her Tracy’s father Seth (John Holiday). Tracy’s family Margaret and Dinah (Virginia Weilder), Tracy’s sister, warmly; which disappoints Tracy. During her interaction with Mike, Tracy discovers the admirable qualities that he possesses (Nourmand & Graham, 256). Tracy finds herself wind up in confusion, between her ex-husband the Fiance and Mike, the reporter. To ease her mind, Tracy drinks for the second time in her entire life. She then resorts to a friendly swim with Mike. George gets to see the two, and he appears filled with Jealousy. Tracy uses the opportunity George presents, when confronting her of what he did the previous night, as an opportunity to break up with him on her wedding day. Mike proposes to marry Tracy, who declines in a nice way. When Dexter, her ex husband, asks for Tracy’s hand in marriage; she gladly gets a ccepts (Nourmand & Graham, 256). On the other hand, Harvey, later on, in his quest to fight for the gay rights, receives appointment as a Supervisor in the San Francisco’s board, in the year 1977. Milk takes pride in being the first gay man assimilated in the public office, in America. This way he not only succeeds in materializing the gay rights, but also used the opportunity to fake relations with the political society; from political officials to the union

Company Contract: Constitutions and Director Role

Company Contract: Constitutions and Director Role Question 1. Is the contract enforceable against Beanstalk Ltd owing to the fact that Jack did not have the capacity to enter into that kind of contract? Employees of a company have a clear mandate on their powers and this are usually spelt out in the in the articles and memorandum of association of a given company. The corporation act has come in handy to address this scenario. Section 124 dwells on the powers of the company and its legal status. Sec 124 (2) provides that a company legal capacity to do a particular thing is not affected by the fact that the company interests are not served by doing it. Section 125 of the CA is to the effect that a company constitution may have an express restriction on the way a company may exercise its powers. Suffice to note that the exercise of a power by the company is not invalid merely because it is contrary to an express restriction or prohibition in the company’s constitution. Subsection 2 is to the effect that an act done by the company is not invalid merely because it is contrary to or beyond any objects in the company’s constitution. Sec 126 is to the effect that an agent appointed by the company and he has the power to make, vary, ratify or discharge a contract. The person may be exercising express or implied authority and on behalf of the company. The power may be exercised without using a common seal. The court always takes the view that the duty to act in good faith in the best interests of the company means that the directors must act in the interests of the shareholders as a collective group as illustrated in the Greenhalgh v Arderne Cinemas Ltd[1]. In addition to the above sections, section 128 entitles one to make assumptions in section129 in relation to dealings with a company. The company is not entitled to assert in proceedings in relation to the dealings that any of the assumptions are incorrect. Section 130 on the other hand is to the effect that a person is not taken to have information about a company merely because the information is available to the public from ASIC. Section 128(4) is to the effect that a person is not entitled to make an assumption in section129 if at the time of the dealings they knew or suspected that the assumption was incorrect. Section 129(b) details the presumption in section 128. Section 129(2)(b) is to the effect that one may assume that a director has authority to exercise the powers and perform the duties customarily exercised or performed by a director or company secretary of a similar company. In our case scenario Beanstalk is obligated to pay even if Jack surpassed his powers unless they can prove that Giant ltd were aware of the limitations imposed on jack and they disregarded them. The Beanstalk constitution was available in the public record and Giant ltd had an obligation of knowing and complying with the con tents Section 130 of the CA serves to address the issue of notice on the limitations imposed on the directors or agents of the company. It provides that the company cannot escape liability on the premise that the person dealing with the company should have been aware of the limitations. The two Sections just before section 130 are of the following effect: Section 128(4) is to the effect that a person is not entitled to make an assumption in section129 if at the time of the dealings they knew or suspected that the assumption was incorrect. Section 129(b) details the presumption in section 128. Section 129(2)(b) is to the effect that one may assume that a director has authority to exercise the powers and perform the duties customarily exercised or performed by a director or company secretary of a similar company. One also need to look at the organic theory which states that where the agents of the company acts within the boundary of powers conferred to them by the company constitution or replaceable rules, then they are deemed as being the company itself as was illustrated in Northside Developments Pty Ltd v Registrar-General[2]. But this may always turn out not to be true as was espoused in the case of Smorgon v Australia and New Zealand Banking Group Ltd[3], where it was observed that such an act requires the attribution of mental states to corporations Company’s legal capacity At common law the company could only enter into legal obligations only if its’ constitution so authorizes. Any part to the contract was deemed to be aware of any restrictions contained in the constitution of the company. Capacity is catered for under Corporations Act 2001. Section 124 accords the company the same legal capacity as an individual and this encompasses power to make an agreement. S 125is to the effect that performance of an act including entry into an agreement by the company will not be invalidated merely on the premise that its beyond the power of the company’s constitution. Thus Giant limited will not be stopped from staking it claims of payments merely because Beanstalk limited had made it constitution public as provided for under s125. Section 128 and 129 are to the effect that where one enters into any dealing with the company on the belief that he is dealing with the right person, then the company will have to honor its obligations. Thus despite the constitution being made public, section 129 and 130 states that the company is still bound by the acts of it officers who are duly appointed to carry out such a task. Thus beanstalk will have to prove that despite Giant ltd being aware of the limitations, they violated what was in the public domain. Question Two Pan Ltd is a company without a constitution. At a members meeting five items of business were passed as special resolutions and placed in a new constitution of the company. These were: that dividends can only be paid if they have been recommended by the directors and declared by the members; Dividends Dividends are the payments made out to shareholders when the company is a going concern and if the directors have approved such payments. They can only be paid if the company assets are sufficiently in excess of its liabilities immediately the dividend is declared and if the dividend is fair and reasonable to the company shareholders as a whole and this does not prejudice the company ability to pay its creditors. This is governed by sections 254T and 254U. (b) That the transfer of shares in the company requires the approval of the directors; Transfer of shares A shareholder in a company who wants to terminate his relationship with the company may decide to offload his shares by way of sale. The shareholder may encounter some difficulties if he wants to sell the shares to an outsider of the company. Some of the difficulties which may arise under the replaceable rules are: The directors have the discretion to refuse to transfer the shares and There might a restriction in the company constitution (if any) on shares transfers. Sections 707. Section 140(2) stipulates that a member may refuse to be bound by modifications after becoming a member if such a modification imposes or increases restrictions on the right to transfer the shares already held by the member, unless the modification is made: or (i) in connection with the company’s change from a public company to a proprietary company under Part2B.7; or (ii) to insert proportional takeover approval provisions into the company’s constitution. Thus the discretion of shares transfer lies with the directors unless a contrary intention as envisaged in section 140 (2) is adduced. that Wendy Weird be a director of the company for life; The CA doesn’t set the specific time for retirement of directors. One can only fail to serve as a director under the circumstances contemplated in Part 2D 3 of the CA. this can be removed by members through the annual general meeting, through resignation or incapacity. To this end one can be a director for life. Those directors of the company are to be appointed by Wendy Weird; A director may appoint another director under section 201 H (replaceable rule—see section135). A person can be appointed as a director with a view of the company establishing the requisite quorum for a directors meeting. Section 201J provides that the directors of a company may appoint 1 or more of themselves to the office of managing director of the company for the period, and on the terms (including as to remuneration), as the directors see fit. To this end Wendy can be appointed under the conditions envisaged in the above sections. That the directors may issue the company’s shares only with the approval of the members. Directors have the powers to issue new shares as provided for under section 254D. Before issuance of new shares of a given class, the directors of a proprietary company must offer them to the existing shareholders of that class. The directors must give the shareholders a statement setting out the terms of the offer. Question Three In order to obtain the funds necessary to expand its business Growth Ltd is to make a $M20 share issue. Advise the directors of Growth Ltd over the following matters. REQUIRED: Can the funds be raised from existing members or anyone else without a prospectus? (2 marks) There are several ways of raising funds by companies in Australia. Public companies (i.e. those with more than 50 non-employee shareholders) can raise funds from the general public by issuing securities. Private companies (ie proprietary limited companies that have no more than 50 non-employee shareholders) on the other hand can raise funds: From existing shareholders and employees of the company or a subsidiary company, and from the general public if the fundraising does not require a disclosure document. Section 708 is to the effect that any personal offers of a body of securities do not require disclosure to the investors. But this doesn’t apply to offers which might amount to indirect issue. Vital documents one is supposed to give potential investors when raising funds? As a general rule of procedure, if a public company is desirous of raising capital or offering securities for sale (for example shares or debentures) a disclosure document must be availed to the potential investors. This is document whose main purpose is to describe all regulated fundraising documents for the issue of securities (for example shares or debentures). All companies which are allowed to raise funds can use a prospectus. A company also relies on an offer information statement or a profile statement and this is informed by the type of fundraising one intends to carry out and whether the restrictions imposed by virtue of using these documents are satisfied. Offer information statements An offer information statement (OIS) has in it a lower threshold for disclosure but can only be used for fundraising up to $10 million. If the company intends to use an OIS then it is required to include a copy of an audited financial report with a balance date within the last six months. Profile statements This is a document which sets out limited key information in relation to the company and the offer. This kind of statements can only be relied upon if ASIC has approved their use. To this end a company can raise funds from without reliance on the prospectus. In summary, a disclosure document is not required when: an offer is a personal offer, and if: offers or invitations have been made to fewer than 20 persons in the previous 12 months, and the new offer will not result in more than $2 million being raised in that 12 months; Note: you must not advertise the offer when you rely on this exemption the offers are made to specified people who are presumed not to need disclosure because of their financial capacity, experience, or wholesale status; the offers are made to current holders of the securities; no money or other form of payment is payable for the securities; other disclosure regimes under the Corporations Act apply (i.e. takeovers, schemes of arrangement); The offer is made by certain types of financial institutions. Will the directors be safe from prosecution if they provide to investors in a prospectus everything they know that is relevant about the investment? (2 marks) The Corporations Act does not detail out everything that ought to be included in the prospectus. But section 710 is to the effect that a prospectus must contain all information that the investors (and their professional advisers) would reasonably require, and reasonably expect to find in the prospectus. This information should be availed so that the investors can make an informed assessment of material matters relating to the company and these do include: †¢ The assets and liabilities, financial position, profits and losses and prospects of the company. †¢ The rights attaching to the securities being offered. Some other information such as terms and conditions of the offer, disclosure of certain payments made to the directors and advisers in connection with the IPO and the expiry date of the prospectus must be contained in the prospectus. To this end the directors will be immune from prosecution as they will not have breached any requirement bestowed on them. If the company issues a prospectus and the directors then become aware that there is a false and misleading statement in it, what alternatives are available to them under the CA? (3 marks) Where a company directors have become aware of a false or misleading statement in the prospectus which has already been issued to the public, the can petition the ASIC to issue Stop Orders. Though these are the preserve of the ASIC to issue this can be sought so that the issues can be rectified on time. Stop orders: what they are and when we will issue one section 719 A stop order is an administrative mechanism that allows ASIC to prevent offers being made under a disclosure document where we believe it contains: a misleading or deceptive statement an omission of information required to be provided under the legislation, or a new circumstance has arisen since the disclosure document was lodged. Where a stop order is issued on a disclosure document, then the company is not allowed to offer, issue, sell or transfer its shares while that order is in force. An interim stop order may be sought for up to 21 days during which time the company will be accorded a hearing to put across its views to an independent delegate. It’s after the hearing that the interim stop order may be lifted or a final stop order on the disclosure document may issue. . Does the CA provide any protection for directors where funds are raised under a prospectus that contains a misleading statement? (3 marks) The liability for directors under corporation falls under section 1308, which provides inter alia that misleading misstatements amounts to a crime and such an offence, is one of strict liability. The CA offers protection to directors by availing the following defences. There are a range of defences available to potential civil and criminal liability, some of which include: †¢ The ‘due diligence defence’, that is, that the person has made all enquiries which were reasonable in the circumstances and having made these enquiries, they believed on reasonable grounds that a statement was not misleading or deceptive or that there was not a material omission from the prospectus. †¢ Where a new circumstance has arisen and it can be established that the person was not aware of the new matter. †¢ Establishing that the person reasonably relied on information provided by someone outside the company, such as a professional adviser, for statements contained in the prospectus But the director should not conceal such information when it comes to his attention. [1] [1946] 1 All ER 512 (CA) [2] (1990) 170 CLR 146 [3] [1976] HCA 53 Is Globalisation A Threat Or An Opportunity? Is Globalisation A Threat Or An Opportunity? Is globalisation a threat or an opportunity for business? The key objective for any business organisation is to maximise profit, if a manufacturing or service industry in any country is progressive in their field of practice, there maybe a need for them to invest or open other subsidiary operation in other country where there is a rising demand for their goods or services Sloma (2004). Furthermore, (Post et al, 1999:146) states that globalisation consist of assembling goods from components produced in several nations, buying of raw materials from overseas suppliers or selling finished goods or services to customers in other countries, also (BBC, 2011) defines globalisation as the involvement of the world becoming highly interconnected as a result of increased cultural and trade exchange. Therefore this essay would explain the cause/effect, opportunities and threat of globalisation on businesses. The main causes of globalization may; trade liberalisation, transportation, and communication (Bhagwati et al, 1983). In trade liberalisation, legislation reducing trade and foreign direct investment have been relaxed. Some governments offer tax incentives to persuade overseas companies to invest in their country, this maybe linked to what is known as free trade (BBC, 2011). Transportation is relatively becoming cheaper, fast and easy to access. People travel for holiday, business, migrate and emigrate from one country to another. Businesses organisations can ship goods and raw materials between countries more easily making goods and services from all over the world available to consumers. While communication, the internet, telephony and the television have paved way for free flow of information and ideas. Outsourcing is a example these, thus a businesses organisation in a country can have a call centre in another country answering calls from customers of the main country. One of the main effect of globalization is inequality, this refers to the income disparity that exist between countries across the world. It maybe argued that globalisation contributes in creating more wealth in developed countries, thus it does not help to close the gap between the worlds richest nations and the worlds poorest King King (2005:199). The internet can be viewed as an opportunity of globalization for businesses. The internet can also be seen as a gateway to participate in the game of globalization (BBC, 2010). Through the Internet, business organisations have been able to go beyond borders, to reach their end customers with their goods or services, thus this could be referred to e-commerce. Communications can be made quickly and easily to any anywhere in the world, but at the same time businesses are exposed to big competition, Holton (1998). There are millions of websites on the Internet, despite the seemingly easy participation, the reality of the Internet can be seen as oligopoly, Sloman (2004). Furthermore, with the internet playing a roll in globalization. It may be good for a business organisation to have access to anyone anywhere in the world, but it also exposes the business to competition. In the internet competition, winners are very few, which creates a big gap between the large and small business. Howev er, there are still opportunities for small business in the world of globalization. This could be; the variety of cultures, languages, social systems and customs, etc. Take the differences of language for illustrative example. Your website may not be seen by customers if it is only in English. Actually, many web pages in the Internet are written in English. However, the business should know there are many languages in the world. If a business website has a page in a different languages, their competitors may be reduced. Another key opportunity for business, is the transfer of technological advancement and knowledge in globalisation. Corsi (2000) points out that this has led to growth in innovation and better techniques of production to business. The main result of this is the growing income and appreciation of the companys economic achievement. Foreign migrants coming to work in multinational companies contribute to the knowledge of developing businesses thus which makes the business more efficient. Economic policies, management techniques and Increased knowledge about production methods present invaluable inputs in small businesses (SME) King King (2005). In globalization there are opportunities of cheap labour for business organisations, thus Jennifer (2005) argues that developing nations are encouraged to open their economies to international trade, with the aim that free trade would bring development and prosperity. Opening its economy to international trade does not translate to economic development and instant prosperity for developing countries, but rather it signifies the exposure of the developing economy to multi-national corporations and foreign direct investors, many of which seek to expand their operations in developing economies because of the cheap labour available in these economies. Growing portions of these cheap labour sources consist of women and MNCs have been accused of intentionally hiring economically and poor educated deprived women to reduce labour costs. With cheap labour a clothing company in the UK can sell a shirt for  £60 that cost less than 10 pence in labour to produce. While globalisation may be seen as an opportunity for big businesses, it can also be argued to be a threat to big and small businesses (SME). Carper (2010) argues that energy and transportation costs increases when jobs are outsourced, as big businesses revise their business strategy and produce goods overseas. Customer service often decreases as companies pay for their goods to be transported from a foreign warehouse to their before being dispatched to the customer. Call centers, are also affected by globalization, as its being flooded with clerks who do not speak fluent English. As energy use increases, domestic supply costs increase as more businesses compete for natural resources. Intergovernmental relations between two countries can have an influence on multinational corporations. For example, If two countries are are war, there will be no trade between them. Furthermore, business operations may be influenced by the political ties of host and home country governments even when there is no war. The United States and Japan have had an important, but difficult, relationship since the end of World War 2. The United States helped rebuild Japans steel, auto industries and shipbuilding , and by the 1970s Japans productivity had increased massively. It used its efficiencies to export steel, automobiles, and semi-conducts to the big U.S. Market. The United States has shifting political relations with Great Britain, China, Russia and Brazil, and many other nations. Economic relations are affected, for better or worse, by political change, and national political priorities shape business relations. The United States, for example, banned U.S. Manufacturing industries fro m selling military products to countries that government agencies believe may be a threat U.S. Security; it restricts high technology exports; and it has banned U.S. Companies from doing business dealings in Cuba (Post et al, 1999:159). Increased Competition is another main concern, as it is threat to domestic businesses. Government of developing countries are faced with this problem as they look to export more and import less to increase the countrys GDP. Globalisation threaten domestic companies as domestic businesses have to compete with foreign business organisation, they are forced to raise their customer satisfaction levels and standards in order to survive in the market. In addition, In developing countries, this is disturbing for domestic companies as they are unable to contend with foreign companies as they are too dependent on the government for funds and therefore lack competitive edge. And also, this is were the government moves in to protect small companies by creating trade barriers and imposing tariffs on imported products. Protectionism does not apply to only developing countries but also developed countries also have the highest trading restrains, Borkakoti (1998). In conclusion, it appears to the author, based on what this essay talks about to point out that globalisation can be an opportunity also a threat to large and small business. Furthermore, globalization has played a big role in the movement of goods and service, making resources available to consumer, it may be argued that globalisation has created global expansion for big business as it has paved the way for small domestic businesses to export their goods or service. However globalization has its disadvantages as well, because of its vulnerability to intergovernmental relations (in the case of war) and its opens domestic businesses to foreign competition. REFERENCES Anup, G (1997) E-commerce security : weak links, best defenses. Oxford: Wiley. BBC (2010) Globalization. Available at: http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/geography/industry/globalisation_rev1.shtml [Accessed: 14th March, 2011] Bhagwati, J. N, Panagariya, A., Srinivasan, T. N. (1983) International Trade. 2nd edn. Massachusetts: The MIT Press. Borkakoti, J (1998) International Trade. London: Macmillan Press Ltd Carper, T (2010) The Threat of Globalization. [Online] Available at: http://www.thaynecarper.com/globalization/ [Accessed: 20th March, 2011] Corsi, C (2000) Innovation and market globalization. Amsterdam: IOS Press. pp9 Holton, R. J. (1998) Globalization and the nation-state. London : Macmillan Press. Jennifer, M. (2005) The Double Edge of Globalization. Available at: http://www.allacademic.com//meta/p_mla_apa_research_citation/0/7/0/6/8/pages70681/p70681-1.php [Accessed: 14th March. 2011] King, P King, S (2005) International Economics and International Economic Policy. 4th edn. New York: Irwin/McGraw-Hill Post, J., Lawrence, A., Weber, J. (1999) Business and Society. 9th edn. Boston, MA: Irwin/McGraw-Hill. Sloman, J. (2004) Essentials of Economics. 3rd edn. Harlow : Financial Times Prentice Hall

Half My Type Regents notes :: essays research papers

The Five Themes of Geography Geography: The study of people, their environments, their resources and the interactions among them The Five Themes of Geography are: 1. Location 2. Place 3. Human Environment Interaction 4. Movement of People Goods and Ideas 5. Region 1. Location: Where something is located on the Earth’s Surface Relative – Location of Something in relation to something else (Ex: A house in relation to the street address) Absolute – An exact location of something on the earth’s surface using the lines of latitude and longitude. Longitude – The angular distance east or west of the prime meridian that stretches from the North Pole to the South Pole. Latitude – An Imaginary line joining points on the earth’s surface that are all equal distance north or south of the equator. It measures 0o on the equator and are parallel lines. 2. Place: Is and area defined by its physical and/or human characteristics. A) Physical Features – Things that would be in an area if humans never exited (Ex: Wildlife, Forest, Volcanoes, Mountains, Rivers, Oceans, Hills, Valleys, etc.) B) Human Features – Thins humans build, create, or influence. (Ex: Buildings, Crops, Cars, Roads, Cloths, Schools, Dams, Languages, Political Systems, Economic Systems, etc) 3. Human Environment Interaction: Two things can happen when humans interact with environment. A) People Change The Environment – Need to make easier lifestyle. (Ex: Roads, Buildings, Airports, Tunnels, Bridges, etc †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Hidden Cost are Created – Damage to the environment. (Ex: Deforestation, Extinction, Overpopulation, Erosion, etc)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  People Adapt to The New Environment – This includes Genetic Change   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Eskimo’s body adapts to Alaska harsh cold by growing an extra layer of fat, they use sleds for transportation, live in igloos that are created using ice, and wear heavy cloth.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  African Tribesman use little to no clothing, no body fat due to the heat because body fat weighs you down, and they are fast and agile to get away from danger.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Chinese stir-fry cooking was developed because minimal fuel is needed. This was created to use the limited amount of fuel they had. 4. Movement of People, Goods, and Ideas   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  People   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Migration – People move for different reasons, an example would be: Refugees (war), Economy, Climate, Food, Shelter, Religion, Persecution, Political Problems, and so on.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Immigration – People move into a country.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Emigration – People move out of a country.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Goods †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Trade – Products that can be bought or sold. †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Import – Goods brought into a country. †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Export – Goods that leave a country. †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Interdependence – Reliance on other nations to provide goods which can’t be produced in their own country.

Christianity and Islam Essay

Throughout history, belief systems have had political and social impacts on followers. The belief systems of Christianity and Islam have had both positive and negative changes to their societies that they started and traveled to. They had an impact on their followers , spread the belief throughout specific nations/regions , and lastly impacted their followers in both positive and negative ways. Christianity and Islam changed the way people lived their lives and done every day things. Christianity and Islam had a huge impact on their followers because their beliefs made them live their lives in a specific way. For example, in Document 1, Pope Urban II asked the Christians to rebel against the Turks and Arabs due to the attacks that they were doing. This impacted the Christians socially because they no longer did what the Arabs and Turks had asked them to do, they turned against them. Islam had a political impact on the people who followed because the Shah’s policy’s isolated the Islamic clergy as stated in Document 6 and they had an impact socially because there was a creation of Family Protection Act which in turn improved the women’s rights. These changes and decisions helped shape and mold the newly found religions to be what they are today , politically and socially. Christianity spread through traveling and trading. In document 2a and 2b , it shows how the crusades , the time where Christians and Muslims were fighting over the holy land , changed the lives of the Europeans by traveling and migrating. These moves lead to meeting new people and trading spices in new different cities. Islam , in turn , spread through traveling and trade as well. In document 7, it shows how they were spreading through North Africa and the Middle East. They advanced farther than they would have thought they would and made their religion known worldwide. There were both negative and positive impacts that these religions had on their followers. Christianity had a negative impact because the Indians were getting beat and treated harshly as said in document 3. The missionaries were abusing their power and laid laws and rules down that had to be followed. However, in document 4 there was a positive impact because a lot of the Africans began practicing Christianity. Islam also had positive impacts such as the people who followed gained knowledge and their teachings are still taught today worldwide such as algebra and mathematics. Both Christianity and Islam in the long run improved their religions by spreading it. They had both positive and negative impacts on their followers and made their religions known worldwide.

The eNotes Blog New Essay Help! A Round-Up of the Weeks BestQA

New Essay Help! A Round-Up of the Weeks BestQA Hey eNoters! Do you have papers coming up? Would you like some help with that? (Youre all nodding your heads, arent you?) Well, hey presto, youre in luck! Weve just added twenty recommended questions to our Essay Lab topic that are sure to help you conquer that tough persuasive essay or that seemingly insurmountable research paper. Here you can find answers to such questions as How can I best quote from and cite a source in an essay? How can I write a thesis for an essay? What are some tips for writing a high-scoring SAT essay? What are some tips for writing a college application essay/personal statement? How do you structure an MLA page? There, now no more scrounging around on search engines, reading through mounds of inexpert writing help. Our team of qualified teachers and professors have you covered! You can read all of our recommended Essay Lab questions here. Looking for something more specific? You can ask an essay question of our editors whenever, wherever, completely free of charge. You can even post a paragraph from your draft to receive feedback and guidance. Getting an A is easy when you ask for help in the right place.

Harlem Renisance essays

Harlem Renisance essays The Harlem Renaissance Or the New Negro Movement The dawn of the 1920s ushered in an African American artistic and cultural movement, the likes of which have never and will likely never be seen again. Beginning as a series of literary discussions in Greenwich Village and Harlem, the New Negro Movement (later dubbed the Harlem Renaissance by Alain Locke) came to exalt the unique culture of African Americans and redefine African American expression. The movement spread throughout all areas of the arts and humanities, gaining a wider audience as it went along. Soon it became more than just an artistic movement, it was at the same time a social ideal. The authors and artists of the era simultaneously struggled with and embraced their African heritage and American birth and lifestyle. The arts became a means of rebellion against the racism running rampant through the south, as well as a way for African Americans to finally prove they had their foot in the door of American (especially elitist) culture. The Beginning After years of unfair treatment and humiliation, black people from the South started a migration northwards. Large metropolitan cities such as Washington D.C., Chicago, and New York City became hubs of creativity and interaction for African Americans. This migration changed the Black image from rural to urban, from peasant to sophisticate, and introduced them to international ideas that they would most likely have had no contact with in the South. Locke described this movement in The New Negro as something like a spiritual emancipation. Now they were in a land where whites only signs were few and far between and speakin g ones mind was not only allowed, but also encouraged by peers. It was the time and place for freedom, freedom of speech, music, ideas, and life. So what started it all? The causes of this renaissance were financial and educational. Blacks participated in the...

Comparison between NGOs and GOs, that work to conserve or preserve Essay

Comparison between NGOs and GOs, that work to conserve or preserve biodiversity and the environment - Essay Example A good example of such an organization is the United Nations Environmental Programme. Lastly, there is the Non-governmental organizations that work independently from the government to protect the endangered and threatened areas and species such as the Greenspace and WWF. This essay will focus on the Intergovernmental and non-governmental organization where they will compared and contrasted to understand their role and activities in the restoration and preservation of biodiversity and ecosystems. United Nations Environment Programme is one of the agencies in the United Nations that organizes its environmental activities helping developing countries in implementing sound and practical environmental policies and practices (Gunter, 2004). World Wide Fund for Nature, on the other hand, is a non-governmental organization that works globally on issues relating to the research, conservation and restoration of the environment. Additionally, the Greenpeace is another nongovernmental organization, which ensures that the earth has the ability to nature lifecycle in all its multiplicity. Moreover, it focusses on campaigning on international issues such as deforestation, climate change, commercial whaling, anti-nuclear issues and genetic engineering. Therefore, although the organizations are managed by different organizations they all works towards the same goal and that is conserving the environment. Additionally, the both non-governmental and intergovernmental organizations helping in creating awareness over global issues that affect the environment and the species that live in it. However, although conveying several similarities there are various differences that include the methods on which the goals of each organizations are reached (Swiderska & International Institute for Environment and Development, 2008). For example, Greenpeace uses research, lobbying, and

New and Old Emergent Criminal Threats Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

New and Old Emergent Criminal Threats - Essay Example For example, many cases are reported throughout the world where criminals have used the internet to illegally obtain bank and credit details of customers and used such information to withdraw cash from their accounts. There are also many cases of the internet being used by individuals to attack and harass others, commonly referred to as cyber bullying. There are many theories that have been used to define and understand criminality and criminal behavior. One of such theories is the social process theory. According to this theory, people become criminals as a result of their interactions with other individuals, organizations and the various processes that exist in their society. Therefore, one learns to be a criminal based on what he/she sees and interacts with in the society. The events and processes that exist in the environment go a long way in influencing one’s behavior. This theory has two other approaches. The first is the social control theory which basically argues that a person’s behavior is influenced by his interactions with institutions and other people. Secondly, there is the social reaction theory which emphases that if an individual is seen or labeled as a criminal early on in life, he is likely to become a criminal later on in life. In order to evaluate if the cybercrime applies to the social process theory, the causal research design can be applied. In this type of research design, researchers attempt to show evidence of a cause and effect relationship. In this case, the researcher tests how a particular variable results in a particular behavior. In this case, researchers could attempt to show how some of the existing institutions and process determine cyber criminal behavior. For example, a researcher could attempt to relate how one’s interactions with fellow college students in a university make the individual a cyber